Wednesday, December 31, 2008

What is a Degree Worth?--part #2

Let me repeat the comment that formed the basis for part #1 of this posting.

"Let's keep in mind that today a B.A. is totally worthless. IMHO it is great that these girls can speedily finish their B.A.'s and get on to their Masters."


What follows will be commentary on the second part of the comment: " IMHO it is great that these girls can speedily finish their B.A.'s and get on to their Masters." The comment was made in reference to the one-year B.A. programs that have proliferated in the frum community, particularly for girls, and particularly in the fields of special education and the various therapy fields--yes, you are reading that correctly: one-year programs. Many of these programs are completed as a shana bet year in an Israeli seminary; some are particular to the US. And in some cases it takes a mere one to two years to earn both the B.A. and the M.A.

So let's look at the words "worth" and "worthless" defined as having value because something is useful. The jobs in the US that pay the most, that are the most prestigious, require a college degree at minimum; many also require a graduate degree. In that sense it is quite useful for the girls in the condensed programs to get their B.A.s and M.A.s as quickly as possible; the sooner they are degreed, the sooner they can begin working. But working where?

Many of the condensed degrees are in limudei kodesh. The others are mostly in the field of education, psychology and the therapy fields. Where are the holders of these degrees applying for jobs, for the most part? In yeshivas and in special programs geared towards yeshiva students. A few, particularly those with psych or therapy degrees, will become independent contractors, in general targeting the frum community as their customer base. Why?

One reason is that they want to "stay in the fold" while working, thus avoiding what they see as the problems in the secular work world. But when they stay in the frum world they are negating some of the benefits of having gotten a B.A. and an M.A.. In general, yeshivas do not pay salaries at as high a rate as is available in the public school system. The further right you go, the lower the salary. Many of these yeshivas do not offer benefits such as health insurance and 403Bs. So what have the holders of these degrees actually purchased for themselves? What is the value/usefulness of their condensed degrees? The value is lower than that of the "regular" degrees; their degrees cannot be/aren't used to purchase jobs at the highest levels of salary and benefits. Yes, yeshivas might pay them a bit more than those girls who come to teach straight out of one year of seminary (or none), but they are not on par with those who work in the secular world.

But what about the yeshivas more to the left, the "very MO" yeshivas and day schools? This from a principal of one of those schools: "We have enough applicants to teach in our school that we can pick from the very best. Everyone teaching in our secular studies department has at least a B.A. and from a recognized college. We don't take the graduates of the diploma mills."

But what about those who aren't going into teaching but who got degrees in psych and the therapies? At a faculty meeting last week this very topic came up, as the diploma mills are representing "competition" for the college I am teaching in. Those who teach in my department are a mix of public school/yeshiva teachers, department chairs, administrators, and those who are only teaching on the college level. They have broad exposure to the systems that would employ those girls with the psych and therapy degrees. First, the public schools won't take them; the degrees aren't "good enough." Second, many yeshiva parents, particularly those with children who legitimately require the services of a psychologist or therapist, are refusing to allow their children to be treated by the "professionals" that come out of the diploma mills. Many of these same parents were in favor of such programs until there was suddenly a link between those programs and their children's needs for treatment. These parents want the best for their children, and they aren't applying "best" to the diploma mill graduates.

Third, regarding the therapy graduates, a call to the head of therapy at SI University Hospital brought the information that for state licencing in any of the therapies a student must have gone through a recognized program of clinical internship as part of their studies. They only accept students from recognized schools that are fully accredited by accreditation associations they trust and which provide the type of education and training they believe are necessary for someone to be a competent therapist. This past year they had two interns from Touro; they have had others in the past. They have never taken in anyone from any of the overseas diploma mills, nor from the in-town diploma mills.

So, the usefulness of the diploma mill diplomas is limited. If the holders of such degrees want to roost in the frummer schools, they may find a job. After all, why would such yeshivas want to pay full price for a better credentialed teacher/psychologist/therapist when they can get one for cheaper? If they have the intention of taking their degrees out into the general working world they are going to find themselves in competition with others whose diplomas are valued higher. Years ago when I needed short term speech therapy for one of my children I interviewed a few different therapists. The first thing I asked about was their degree and their ASHA certification. Why would I have wanted to take a chance on someone whose training was not the best? I don't use a witch doctor to treat any physical maladies my family has; why would I settle for the equivalent when it comes to education/psychology or any type of therapy?

There are all kinds of costs involved in getting college degrees and in using them. Yes, a diploma from a diploma mill may cost less initially, but they are never going to earn as much for the holders as the "better" diplomas do. "Cost less" now may translate into "earn less" later. In addition, "cost less" also translates into "know less," and what is the value in that?

Just a thought: aside from the costs involved in going to college for a longer time, why would there be such a push to have girls in particular get through their higher education at such a fast pace? It should be obvious--those girls getting the "speed" degrees are going to be in the shidduch parsha either during or immediately after getting the degrees. Delaying looking for a shidduch is an absolute no-no. There is a need for these girls to be able to support their families while their husbands are learning and/or getting an education or training to be used later on.



Goodbye 2008, Hello 2009.

There are some time periods about which the best we can say of them is they will be over soon. 2008 will end at midnight tonight--about time. It's been a difficult year economically and also because of world events that have taken place. Many problems that face the general public and the frum communities specifically have come to the forefront. It hasn't been pleasant to have to face realities that we've been avoiding until we couldn't avoid them any longer.

But 2008 is fast on its way out the door. 2009 is a brand new, fresh year. In 2009 we can face all our problems with strength and determination. We can come up with solutions and put them into place. We can change what needs to be changed. We can be innovative and creative. 2009 is a clean slate and we can influence what will be written on that slate. WE can do it if WE pull together.

And while we are at it, let's all have a Happy New Year!

Tuesday, December 30, 2008

Those Were the Days

For the better part of a year people have been walking around in deep denial; things couldn't possibly be as bad as others were making them out to be. Until recently no one wanted to name the economic mess we are in by it's real name: a recession. Some people hoped that if they just took a deep breath and looked the other way that things would go back to "normal." Other people took the view that if they just carried on with business as usual that things would right themselves automatically. But here we are in the last month of the year and there is no way to put off facing the truth any longer: we've got problems. Those halcyon days of yesteryear are just that: gone. We can't afford to live looking backwards at what was any longer; we need to face what is our lot right now.

But yes, the nostalgia for the good times of the past tugs at us: the dreams of yesterday die hard. Nor are we the only generation ever to face what we face now, and to sigh for what once was. The music of our pop culture stands as a record of the yearnings of the past for what no longer is. And yes,


Those Were the Days

(Music & Lyrics: Gene Raskin; performed by Mary Hopkins)(1968 based on a Russian folk song)
Once upon a time there was a tavern
Where we used to raise a glass or two
Remember how we laughed away the hours
And dreamed of all the great things we would do

Those were the days my friend
We thought they'd never end
We'd sing and dance forever and a day
We'd live the life we choose
We'd fight and never lose
For we were young and sure to have our way.
La la la la...
Those were the days, oh yes those were the days

Then the busy years went rushing by us
We lost our starry notions on the way
If by chance I'd see you in the tavern
We'd smile at one another and we'd say

Those were the days my friend
We thought they'd never end
We'd sing and dance forever and a day
We'd live the life we choose
We'd fight and never lose
For we were young and sure to have our way.
La la la la...
Those were the days, oh yes those were the days

Just tonight I stood before the tavern
Nothing seemed the way it used to be
In the glass I saw a strange reflection
Was that lonely woman really me

Those were the days my friend
We thought they'd never end
We'd sing and dance forever and a day
We'd live the life we choose
We'd fight and never lose
For we were young and sure to have our way.
La la la la...
Those were the days, oh yes those were the days

Through the door there came familiar laughter
I saw your face and heard you call my name
Oh my friend we're older but no wiser
For in our hearts the dreams are still the same

Those were the days my friend
We thought they'd never end
We'd sing and dance forever and a day
We'd live the life we choose
We'd fight and never lose
For we were young and sure to have our way.
La la la la...
Those were the days, oh yes those were the days

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MDVhB0jGP7I (Those who are makpid on Kol Isha might want to avoid going to this video because Mary Hopkins does the singing)

"Those Were The Days"
by Lee Adams and Charles Strouse


Theme song for "All in the Family"

Boy, the way Glenn Miller played. Songs that made the Hit Parade.
Guys like us, we had it made. Those were the days.
Didn't need no welfare state. Everybody pulled his weight.
Gee, our old LaSalle ran great. Those were the days.


And you know who you were then. Girls were girls and men were men.
Mister, we could use a man like Herbert Hoover again.
People seemed to be content. Fifty dollars paid the rent.
Freaks were in a circus tent. Those were the days.


Take a little Sunday spin, go to watch the Dodgers win.
Have yourself a dandy day that cost you under a fin.
Hair was short and skirts were long. Kate Smith really sold a song.
I don't know just what went wrong. Those Were The Days.






Monday, December 29, 2008

Not Intended to be Spreading Any Rumors...

Both on Shabbos and yesterday a "newsflash" was making the rounds that a well-known yeshiva in Brooklyn under Sefardi auspices was at the point of being closed down. Apparently teachers have not been paid for some time and there is no money to continue running the school. I am purposely not naming the school because I cannot verify all the information. I am bringing this up not to fan a rumor, but to point out that what the blogs have been saying for some time just may be starting to happen.

Schools who depend on donating "angels" are ill prepared to face a life without those angels. Financial policies in a lot of schools are contrary to accepted business practices. No matter how you may want to think otherwise, a private school--what a yeshiva is--is a business operation. Unless and until the financial portion of a yeshiva is put under the control of someone other than the head of the school, and is handled objectively by those with the financial knowledge and skills required, then not only rumors of closings but actual closings are sure to come about.

A few years ago such a rumor would never have seen the light of day. Yeshivas always seemed to find someone with deep pockets to bail them out when needed. Well folks, those deep pockets aren't so deep any more. Maybe something good will come out of this economic hole we're in. Maybe yeshivas will finally be forced to do what they don't seem willing to do voluntarily. I know of the yeshiva that is rumored to be closing. They had/have an excellent reputation. Their teacher salaries were always on the higher end. They paid on time. They provided all types of services to their students. They had money backing them up the wazoo. If financial woes can attack this school, well you guess about the others.

What is a Degree Worth--part #1

The following comment appeared in the comments on an Orthonomics posting a while back:

"Let's keep in mind that today a B.A. is totally worthless. IMHO it is great that these girls can speedily finish their B.A.'s and get on to their Masters."

So a B.A is totally worthless? Just what does "worthless" mean, or its opposite "worth"? One definition for these words is money-based; worthless has no monetary value and worth means that something has monetary value. So what is a B.A. worth in terms of money?

"In 2005, median earnings for full-time workers with a bachelor’s degree between the ages of 25 and 34 were $13,900 more than the median earnings of full-time workers with only a high-school diploma. The difference in the 45 to 54 age group was $22,900. Those with higher degrees (master’s, doctorate and so on) earn between $8,800 more than those with a bachelor’s degree for the age group 25-34 and $11,600 for those ages 35 to 44.
According to U.S. Census Bureau data, the average full-time year-round worker with a four-year college degree earned $54,689 in 2005; compare that with the $29,448 a worker with only a high-school diploma earned.


Over their working lives, as calculated by the College Board, this income gap means that typical college graduates can expect to earn about 73% more than typical high-school graduates. Likewise, those with advanced degrees can expect to earn two to three times as much." (http://planit.cuna.org/013178/article.php?doc_id=25)

A different source had this to say: " How much is higher education worth in cold hard money? A college masters degree is worth $1.3 million more in lifetime earnings than a high school diploma, according to a recent report from the Commerce Department's Census Bureau.
The report titled "The Big Payoff: Educational Attainment and Synthetic Estimates of Work-Life Earnings" (.pdf) reveals that over an adult's working life, high school graduates can expect, on average, to earn $1.2 million; those with a bachelor's degree, $2.1 million; and people with a master's degree, $2.5 million. Persons with doctoral degrees earn an average of $3.4 million during their working life, while those with professional degrees do best at $4.4 million. [The figures are based on 1999 earnings projected over a typical work life, defined as the period from ages 25 through 64.]


Based on the information above (and other sites I went to basically all said the same thing), a B.A. is not a worthless degree, certainly not as far as money is concerned. How much that degree is worth can depend on the area majored in; some professions pay higher salaries than others do. And how much that degree is worth can also depend on where the degree comes from. It's a fact of life that degrees from some colleges and universities bring with them higher starting salaries (and better job opportunities), thus higher lifetime earnings, than are given to graduates of other colleges and universities.

And while those with an M.A. will earn more over a lifetime, that estimate of earnings has a wide range. A lot depends on what that M.A. or M.S. is in. It depends on whether or not the degree holder is working full time or part time. And yes, it depends on from where the degree holder got the degree.

So no, a B.A. is not worthless if we are using money as the standard of judgement. And given that the estimate of the number of people in the country with graduate degrees of all types is about 9.4% of the population, then the B.A. (at about 54% of the population) is valuable to far more people.








Sunday, December 28, 2008

Waste Not, Want Not

It should come as no surprise to readers here that I hate, positively HATE wasted food. For my parents, who had known great want during the camps in WWII, the idea of throwing out food was just not possible. Nothing ever got "lost" in the wilds of the refrigerator; every little bit contributed to another meal down the road.

I imagine that most people manage to use up what they have cooked for regular meals during the week. The problem arises more with special occasion meals and occasions. No baalabusta wants to be seen as skimping on the food she serves to guests. Tables groan under the weight of the goodies on them. But then the guests leave and the baalabusta is left with the quandary of what to do with the mega leftovers. Some of those leftovers will clearly become part of the week's food offerings. Some of those leftovers freeze well, so they are put away for later use. But inevitably there are going to be items that no one wants to see again, whether now or later. What can be done with those leftovers that need to find a home quickly?

If they are items that came from a takehome food store, there are yeshivas and food programs that will take the food. Our local Ezras Achim will take care of the distribution should you have this type of food available. Ditto for items still in their packages. So, try your local group and see if they can help you out.

But what about food that has already been cooked, and cooked in your home? Most yeshivas and shuls will not take in home cooked food. Do you have a neighbor/family member that you are close with and in whose house you have eaten before and vice versa? Consider switching leftovers with them. Consider sending home "care packages" with some of your guests. Gift a busy neighbor with an already cooked meal or a dish or two.

And then there is this. The following question was asked of our Rav and was also asked of a Rav in the LI area: can you donate food to non-Jewish organizations? Both Ravs said yes, if it is not food that can be donated to Jewish organizations. Our area has a number of non-denominational food kitchens that feed the hungry. This time of year, and because of the economic situation, they are feeding more people than ever before. You may look at that home cooked food that you don't know what to do with as a problem, but these community organizations look at that food as a solution. Someone I know made a simcha and the caterer prepared way more than was necessary, food she was going to have to pay for. She donated as much as she could to the Jewish organizations that would take food from this caterer. The rest a friend took over to an agency that feeds the homeless. A mitzvah instead of an aveira.

No matter what the reason for that leftover food, there is someone out there who would welcome it. Tossing food in the garbage should not be an option.

Saturday, December 27, 2008

Mumbai--Still There

Mumbai may have passed into memory for most people--just another awful thread in the tapestry of bad things happening to Jewish people. But it isn't just another bad memory for some people. And me, personally, I applaud the resolve it took for the people involved in the article below to do what they did. You can knock us down but we are going to get up again--that you can count on.


By Rina Chandran Reuters Thursday, December 25, 2008; 12:00 PM
MUMBAI (Reuters) - The parents of a rabbi and his wife slain in last month's Mumbai attack lit a menorah outside a badly damaged Jewish center on Thursday, vowing the centre's work would continue.
Rabbi Nachman Holtzberg of New York, father of Rabbi Gavriel Holtzberg, gathered with other community leaders outside the Chabad-Lubavitch center at Nariman House as part of Hanukah celebrations.
The center was one of 10 sites attacked by Islamist militants in India's financial center on November 26-29. The attacks, blamed by India and the United States on Pakistan-based militants, killed at least 179 people.
Watched by dozens of police and onlookers gathered in the busy street, Nachman Holtzberg recited blessings before a group of rabbis led the delegation in prayer. The parents of Gavriel Holtzberg's wife Rivka were also present.
"This home was open to everyone," said Rabbi Moshe Kotlarsky, vice chairman of the educational arm of Chabad-Lubavitch. "Its activities will continue."
Parts of the six-storey Nariman House, which was nearly destroyed in a siege after gunmen stormed in, have been knocked down by city authorities and a team is assessing damage to the rest of the building, Kotlarsky said.
"Just a few weeks ago, this city suffered a great atrocity, and tonight we mourn the loss of the young rabbi and his wife who moved to Mumbai to be emissaries," Kotlarsky said.
"We also celebrate the victory of right over wrong, and we are committed to continuing the legacy of Gavriel and Rivka. We won't take even one baby step back. We are not leaving Mumbai."
The rabbi's 2-year-old son Moshe, who was saved by his nanny and is now with his grandparents in Israel, will return to Mumbai, Kotlarsky said.
Gavriel Holtzberg came to Mumbai in 2003 to run a synagogue and Torah classes as part of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement, an Orthodox Jewish group which has about 4,000 emissaries at more than 3,000 sites around the world.
Fewer than 5,000 Jews remain among India's 1.1 billion people, but the faith has a long history in the country, with the first established community thought to have been formed in the southern state of Kerala in 70 AD.
(Editing by Andrew Roche)